VINAY DISSERTATION 1

Project Title :  

MICROVASCULAR AND MACROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.

PROBLEM STATEMENT: 

Diabetes Mellitus is a group of metabolic  diseases characterized by chronic hyperglycemia associated with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism due to absolute or relative deficiency in insulin secretion and/or action. Diabetes causes long term  damage, dysfunction and failure of various organs; especially the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart and blood vessels. In a nutshell diabetes is appropriately described as  a “Metabolic cum Vascular disorder”  [1]

To understand whether microvascular complications distinctly precede macrovascular complications or do both of them progress simultaneously as a continuum... To study the complications and to improve the outcomes of diabetes mellitus type 2...

AIM : 

1) To evaluate the microvascular and macrovascular complications of Type  2 Diabetes Mellitus

OBJECTIVES : 

1) To study the microvascular complications of Type  2 Diabetes Mellitus. 

2) To study the macrovascular complications in type 2 Diabetes mellitus. 

3)  To evaluate the Risk factors  such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia and smoking. 

PATIENTS AND METHODS :

PLACE OF STUDY: Department of General medicine , Kamineni Institute of Medical Sciences, Narketpally.

STUDY PERIOD: October 2020-September2022

STUDY DESIGN : Prospective, observational Study

INCLUSION CRITERIA : 

1) All patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 2
2) age more than 30 years
3) Denovo diabetes mellitus type 2

EXCLUSION  CRITERIA : 

1) All confirmed cases of diabtes mellitus type 1.
2) Age less than 30 years 
3) Gestational diabetes 

INVESTIGATIONS : 

• Complete blood picture
• Fasting blood sugar 
• Post lunch blood sugar 
• HBA1C 
• Complete urine examination
• Fasting lipid profile 
• Spot urine protein creatinine ratio

PROFORMA : 

Name: 
OP No. 
HISTORY TAKING 
Type of Diabetes Melitus: 
Duration of Diabetes Melitus:     
Age :       
History & Duration  of  Hypertension: 
H/o Anginal Chest Pain: 
H/o Previous treatment  for MI: 
H/o Smoking:  
H/o Stroke 
H/o TIA  
H/o Diabetes Mellitus 
GENERAL EXAMINATION 
Height: 
Weight: 
Waist Circumference:     
Sex : 

VITALS 
Pulse: Rate, Rhythm, Felt in all peripheral palpable vessels. 
B.P.: 

EXAMINATION OF SYSTEM: 

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM : 
 APICAL  IMPULSE:    
HEART  SOUNDS:    
ADDED  SOUNDS: 

RESPIRATORY  SYSTEM:   
BREATH  SOUNDS:   
ADDED  SOUNDS: 

ABDOMEN:   
ORGANOMECIALY:   
FREE  FLUID :

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM : 
Higher  Fuction:   
Cranial  Nerves:   
Motor System:   
Sensory  System:   

OPTHALMOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF FUNDUS INVESTIGATION 

Blood Sugar - 
 Fasting: -  
Postprandial (2Hrs)  : 
Blood Urea: 
Serum Creatinine: 
Total Cholesterol: 
Urine Albumin: 
24Hrs Urine Protein: 

ECG 

ECHO 

Doppler Study 

LINK TO MASTER CHART :

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1zdrmiOHKCOxdaVXnWUVCZBk_GaTzAMoGOhkZKI5mc7A/edit?usp=drivesdk

LINKS TO PATIENTS ELOG: 

1)https://sridevi0090.blogspot.com/2020/09/sridevis-e-log.html

2)http://meghanabonaboina.blogspot.com/2020/10/type-2-diabetes-melitus-with.html

3) https://bhavyayammanuru.blogspot.com/2020/09/aki-secondary-to-uti.html



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VINAY DISSERTATION REVIEW

Project Title :   MICROVASCULAR AND MACROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. Need for study :  Diabetes Mellitus is a group of metabolic  diseases characterized by chronic hyperglycemia associated with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism due to absolute or relative deficiency in insulin secretion and/or action. Diabetes causes long term  damage, dysfunction and failure of various organs; especially the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart and blood vessels. In a nutshell diabetes is appropriately described as  a “Metabolic cum Vascular disorder” The  micro-vascular complications of both Type  1 and Type 2 DM  result from chronic hyperglycemia. Since  type 2 DM often has a long  asymptomatic period of hyperglycemia, many individuals with Type  2 DM have  complications at the time of diagnosis. To understand whether microvascular complications distinctly precede macrovascular complications or do ...
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